United States in RASFF, 2020–2025
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United States was the origin of 1,027 of 25,645 EU food notifications in 2020–2025 (4.0%), ranking 8th of 160 origins. 45.4% concerned nuts, nut products and seeds; the most-cited hazard class was mycotoxins, and the most-cited substance aflatoxins.
Food only (feed and food contact materials excluded), all notification types — border rejections, alerts and information notifications — validated 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2025. Download every table (CSV).
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By year
| Year | Notifications | Share of EU total | Rank among origins |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 140 | 4.0% | 7 |
| 2021 | 97 | 2.3% | 14 |
| 2022 | 137 | 3.5% | 8 |
| 2023 | 204 | 4.8% | 6 |
| 2024 | 215 | 4.4% | 7 |
| 2025 | 234 | 4.8% | 6 |
| 2020–2025 | 1,027 | 4.0% | 8 |
Year links open that year's border rejections, entry by entry.
Tables below show each year 2020–2025; cells are shaded against their row's own peak. Change compares 2025 with 2020 and is shown only where 2020 had at least 10 notifications ("new" where it had none). RASFF Window's data starts on 23 January 2020.
By notification type
| Type | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Border rejection border rejections → Stopped at the EU's external border; the consignment was not let in. |
72 | 51 | 63 | 100 | 87 | 92 | 465 (45.3%) | +28% |
| Alert A serious risk in a product on the EU market, needing rapid action. |
16 | 16 | 14 | 19 | 17 | 17 | 99 (9.6%) | +6% |
| Information for attention A risk found, but the product is not on other members' markets, so they need not act rapidly. |
38 | 24 | 36 | 52 | 68 | 95 | 313 (30.5%) | +150% |
| Information for follow-up A risk in a product on, or possibly on, other members' markets; follow-up needed, not rapid action. |
14 | 6 | 24 | 33 | 43 | 30 | 150 (14.6%) | +114% |
By food category
| Category | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds border rejections → Almond · Groundnut / peanut · Hazelnut · Other · Pistachio · Sunflower seeds · Walnut |
51 | 33 | 55 | 105 | 125 | 97 | 466 (45.4%) | +90% |
| Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods border rejections → | 44 | 45 | 62 | 54 | 48 | 101 | 354 (34.5%) | +130% |
| Confectionery | 6 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 13 | 35 (3.4%) | — |
| Non-Alcoholic Beverages | 8 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 28 (2.7%) | — |
| Cereals and Bakery Products border rejections → Bakery & biscuits · Maize / corn · Other |
12 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 27 (2.6%) | −100% |
| Fruits and Vegetables border rejections → Berries & grapes · Other |
3 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 26 (2.5%) | — |
| Fish and Fish Products border rejections → Other · Other fish/seafood · Salmon · Squid & octopus · Tuna |
3 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 0 | 6 | 25 (2.4%) | — |
| Other Food Product / Mixed border rejections → | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 22 (2.1%) | — |
| Soups, Broths, Sauces and Condiments | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 12 (1.2%) | — |
| Prepared Dishes and Snacks | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 8 (0.8%) | — |
| Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations, Coffee and Tea | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 (0.7%) | — |
| Food Additives and Flavourings | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 (0.4%) | — |
| Milk and Milk Products | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 (0.3%) | — |
| Alcoholic Beverages | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 (0.2%) | — |
| Fats and Oils | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 (0.2%) | — |
| Bivalve Molluscs and Products Thereof | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Cephalopods and Products Thereof | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Crustaceans and Products Thereof | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Food Contact Materials | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Natural Mineral Waters | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Wine | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
By hazard class
A notification citing hazards of two classes counts once in each, so rows can add up to more than the total.
| Hazard class | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mycotoxins | 50 | 37 | 55 | 90 | 113 | 89 | 434 (42.3%) | +78% |
| Food additives and flavourings | 26 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 10 | 3 | 48 (4.7%) | −88% |
| Composition | 8 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 32 (3.1%) | — |
| Pathogenic micro-organisms | 4 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 25 (2.4%) | — |
| Pesticide residues | 2 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 22 (2.1%) | — |
| Novel food | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 13 | 21 (2.0%) | — |
| Heavy metals | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 14 (1.4%) | — |
| Biological contaminants | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 12 (1.2%) | — |
| Gmo / novel food | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 (1.2%) | — |
| Radiation | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 10 (1.0%) | — |
| Parasitic infestation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 8 (0.8%) | — |
| Non-pathogenic micro-organisms | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 (0.6%) | — |
| Environmental pollutants | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 (0.5%) | — |
| Not determined (other) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 (0.4%) | — |
| Organoleptic aspects | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 (0.4%) | — |
| Allergens | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 (0.3%) | — |
| Industrial contaminants | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 (0.3%) | — |
| Foreign bodies | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Labelling absent/incomplete/incorrect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Migration | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| Natural toxins (other) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1%) | — |
| No hazard recorded | 34 | 34 | 63 | 76 | 67 | 95 | 369 (35.9%) | +179% |
By risk level
| Risk decision | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serious | 79 | 61 | 92 | 110 | 133 | 106 | 581 (56.6%) | +34% |
| Potentially serious | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 16 | 32 | 64 (6.2%) | — |
| Potential risk | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | 44 | 79 | 174 (16.9%) | — |
| Not serious | 19 | 10 | 9 | 18 | 20 | 16 | 92 (9.0%) | −16% |
| No risk | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 (0.5%) | — |
| Undecided | 42 | 26 | 36 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 111 (10.8%) | −100% |
Most-cited substances
Labels RASFF records for one substance are merged (e.g. chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-ethyl); chemically distinct compounds stay apart.
Pesticide residues
| Substance | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ethylene oxide Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods · Other Food Product / Mixed · Fruits and Vegetables |
0 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 14 | — |
| pyrimethanil | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | — |
| anthraquinone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| chlorpropham Fruits and Vegetables |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| chlorpyrifos Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods |
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| chlorpyrifos-methyl Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| iprodione | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| malathion Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds |
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| quinclorac Fruits and Vegetables |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
Other hazards
| Substance | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aflatoxins Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds · Fruits and Vegetables |
49 | 37 | 55 | 85 | 110 | 82 | 418 | +67% |
| salmonella Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds |
3 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 21 | — |
| ochratoxin A Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds · Fruits and Vegetables |
1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 17 | — |
| colour E 110 - sunset yellow fcf too high content Cereals and Bakery Products |
11 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 15 | −100% |
| tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods |
1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 12 | — |
| E 210 - benzoic acid | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 11 | — |
| irradiation Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods · Other Food Product / Mixed |
1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 10 | — |
| colour E 102 - tartrazine too high content Cereals and Bakery Products |
8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 | — |
| cadmium Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds · Fruits and Vegetables |
1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 8 | — |
| colour E 129 - allura red AC too high content Cereals and Bakery Products |
7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 | — |
By month
Pooled across 2020–2025. Each row is shaded against its own peak, so its season shows whatever its size. Border rejections peak in May; Alerts peak in December; Information notifications peak in October.
By notification type
| Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Peak |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Border rejections | 29 | 26 | 34 | 26 | 51 | 32 | 48 | 36 | 37 | 45 | 50 | 51 | May |
| Alerts | 6 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 14 | December |
| Information notifications | 34 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 35 | 39 | 35 | 27 | 22 | 61 | 56 | 45 | October |
By hazard class
| Hazard class | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Peak |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mycotoxins | 32 | 25 | 38 | 26 | 45 | 37 | 49 | 39 | 35 | 28 | 43 | 37 | July |
| Food additives and flavourings | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 12 | 7 | 3 | October |
| Composition | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 2 | October |
| Pathogenic micro-organisms | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | July |
| Pesticide residues | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | July |
Notifying member states
| Member state | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2020–2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | 13 | 13 | 23 | 62 | 76 | 50 | 237 | +285% |
| Germany | 16 | 15 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 86 | +0% |
| Poland | 1 | 10 | 25 | 12 | 12 | 26 | 86 | — |
| Italy | 0 | 4 | 18 | 26 | 10 | 24 | 82 | — |
| Belgium | 11 | 4 | 19 | 30 | 7 | 10 | 81 | −9% |
| Spain | 7 | 18 | 11 | 9 | 21 | 12 | 78 | — |
| Sweden | 12 | 14 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 56 | −25% |
| United Kingdom | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | −100% |
| France | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 24 | — |
| Slovenia | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 23 | — |
Current EU check frequencies
Reg. (EU) 2019/1793 sets how often consignments of these products from United States are opened at the EU border.
| Product | Hazard | Checks | Annex |
|---|---|---|---|
| Groundnut / Peanut | Aflatoxins | 20% | I |
| Groundnut oilcake | Aflatoxins | 20% | I |
| Jams and fruit purées | Aflatoxins | 20% | I |
| Prepared fruit and nuts | Aflatoxins | 20% | I |
| Vegetable extracts | Pesticide residues | 20% | II |
Method
- Source: RASFF Window, the European Commission's public notification database; every food notification validated in 2020–2025.
- A notification naming several origins counts once for each, so origin shares can add up to more than 100%.
- Hazard classes are the ones RASFF attaches to each hazard. A hazard without a class is "unclassified"; a notification exported without any hazard is "no hazard recorded".
- Counts describe what EU authorities found and reported. They depend on how often each product is checked, so they are not a rate of unsafe food.
- Licence: CC-BY-4.0. Cite as "United States food safety record, 2020–2025: EU RASFF", fruit-risk.com, 2026-09-23, https://rasff.fruit-risk.com/reports/united-states.html.
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