Mycotoxins in EU Food Imports — RASFF Notifications
Mycotoxins appeared in 3,763 RASFF notifications between 2018 and 2026 — 15.6% of the 24,113 notifications that identify a hazard. The origins cited most often are Turkey, United States, Argentina. The most-affected product category is Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Volume in 2025 was up 18% on 2024.
Email me about new EU RASFF notifications involving Mycotoxins
One email a week, and only when something matches. We'll send a confirmation link first; unsubscribe any time from the footer of any email.
What makes up mycotoxins
Substances named in these notifications, each counted once per notification; one notification can name several, so shares can add up to more than 100%.
| Substance | Notifications | Share |
|---|---|---|
| aflatoxins | 2,953 | 78.5% |
| ochratoxin A | 787 | 20.9% |
| fumonisins | 31 | 0.8% |
| alternariol | 22 | 0.6% |
| tenuazonic acid | 22 | 0.6% |
| patulin | 20 | 0.5% |
| deoxynivalenol (don) | 19 | 0.5% |
| t-2 toxin | 14 | 0.4% |
| alternariol monomethyl ether (ame) | 9 | 0.2% |
| zearalenone | 8 | 0.2% |
| ergot sclerotia | 2 | 0.1% |
| citrinin | 1 | 0.0% |
| griseofulvin | 1 | 0.0% |
Mycotoxins notifications by year
| Year | Notifications | of which border rejections | YoY | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 1 | 1 | — | |
| 2019 | 22 | 14 | — | |
| 2020 | 428 | 322 | — | |
| 2021 | 452 | 339 | +5.6% | |
| 2022 | 500 | 363 | +10.6% | |
| 2023 | 427 | 255 | -14.6% | |
| 2024 | 660 | 424 | +54.6% | |
| 2025 | 782 | 405 | +18.5% | |
| 2026 | 491 | 285 | — | YTD |
| Total | 3,763 |
Origins most cited for Mycotoxins
| # | Origin country | Notifications |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Turkey | 1,028 |
| 2 | United States | 504 |
| 3 | Argentina | 302 |
| 4 | India | 223 |
| 5 | Iran | 200 |
| 6 | Egypt | 193 |
| 7 | Pakistan | 159 |
| 8 | China | 94 |
| 9 | Georgia | 92 |
| 10 | Spain | 76 |
| 11 | Italy | 74 |
| 12 | Indonesia | 59 |
| 13 | Netherlands | 52 |
| 14 | Uzbekistan | 51 |
| 15 | France | 50 |
| 16 | Bolivia | 45 |
| 17 | Azerbaijan | 40 |
| 18 | Germany | 39 |
| 19 | Belgium | 36 |
| 20 | Brazil | 32 |
| 21 | Nicaragua | 25 |
| 22 | Nigeria | 25 |
| 23 | Paraguay | 25 |
| 24 | Serbia | 23 |
| 25 | Australia | 22 |
| 26 | Poland | 19 |
| 27 | United Arab Emirates | 17 |
| 28 | Sri Lanka | 16 |
| 29 | United Kingdom | 14 |
| 30 | Peru | 12 |
Product categories where Mycotoxins appears
| # | Product category | Notifications |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds | 1,969 |
| 2 | Fruits and Vegetables | 1,020 |
| 3 | Cereals and Bakery Products | 340 |
| 4 | Herbs and Spices | 203 |
| 5 | Feed Materials | 84 |
| 6 | Other Food Product / Mixed | 47 |
| 7 | Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations, Coffee and Tea | 36 |
| 8 | Confectionery | 10 |
| 9 | Prepared Dishes and Snacks | 10 |
| 10 | Non-Alcoholic Beverages | 9 |
| 11 | Soups, Broths, Sauces and Condiments | 9 |
| 12 | Compound Feeds | 7 |
| 13 | Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods | 5 |
| 14 | Milk and Milk Products | 5 |
| 15 | Ices and Desserts | 3 |
Origins under EU increased official controls for Mycotoxins
Under Regulation (EU) 2019/1793 the EU checks these origin–product combinations at an increased, fixed frequency because of Mycotoxins findings:
| Origin | Products | Checks | Annex |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bolivia | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 50% | II |
| Ghana | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 50% | I |
| India | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 50% | II |
| Iran | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 2007, 2008 | 50% | II |
| Sri Lanka | HS 0904, 2005 | 50% | I |
| Turkey | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 2007, 2008 | 50% | II |
| Egypt | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 30% | II |
| Ethiopia | HS 0904, 0910 | 30% | I |
| Indonesia | HS 0908 | 30% | II |
| Pakistan | HS 0910 | 30% | I |
| Turkey | HS 0804, 0813, 1106, 2007, 2008 | 30% | II |
| Argentina | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 20% | I |
| Azerbaijan | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 1515, 2007, 2008 | 20% | I |
| Georgia | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 1515, 2007, 2008 | 20% | I |
| United States | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 20% | I |
| China | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 10% | I |
| Pakistan | HS 1006 | 10% | I |
Recent Mycotoxins notifications
- 2026.8347 IranNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxins in pistachios from Iran // Aflatoxinas en pistachos de Irán aflatoxins
- 2026.8336 United StatesNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxins in pistachio crumble from the United States, via Italy Aflatoxin
- 2026.8330 ArgentinaNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxine B1 in groudnuts from Argentina Aflatoxin B1
- 2026.8324 NicaraguaNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxin B1 in Groundnuts from Nicaragua Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8318 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesOchratoxin A in dried figs ochratoxin A
- 2026.8313 Hungary, IranNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxin in shelled pistachios from Iran, via the Netherlands Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8304 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesOchratoxin A and total aflatoxins in dried figs from Türkiye aflatoxin totalochratoxin A
- 2026.8302 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesOchratoxin A in dried figs from Türkiye ochratoxin A
- 2026.8300 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesAflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins in dried figs from Türkiye Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8295 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesOchratoxin A in fried figs from Türkiye ochratoxin A
- 2026.8288 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesAflatoxin in dried figs from Türkiye Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8287 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesOchratoxin A in dried figs from Türkiye ochratoxin A
- 2026.8286 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesAflatoxins and Ochratoxin A in drie figs from Türkiye aflatoxin totalochratoxin A
- 2026.8125 NicaraguaNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxins in grountnuts kernels from Nigaragua Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8071 AustraliaNuts, Nut Products and SeedsAflatoxin in walnuts from Australia Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8069 United StatesNuts, Nut Products and Seedsaflatoxin B1 in creamy peanut butter from the United States Aflatoxin B1
- 2026.8035 TurkeyFruits and VegetablesOchratoxin A in organic dried figs from Turkey ochratoxin A
- 2026.8015 ArgentinaFeed MaterialsAflatoxin B1 in groundnuts from Argentina Aflatoxin B1
- 2026.8014 United StatesNuts, Nut Products and SeedsExceedance of aflatoxins in groundnuts, from the USA Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8013 NetherlandsCereals and Bakery ProductsAflatoxine in malt, from The Netherlands Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
About Mycotoxins
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by moulds on crops in the field or in storage. RASFF groups them as one hazard category: aflatoxins account for most notifications, followed by ochratoxin A (dried fruit, spices, coffee and cereals), then fumonisins, patulin, deoxynivalenol and the Alternaria toxins. The EU sets maximum levels for each under Regulation (EU) 2023/915; this page counts every notification whose hazard falls in the mycotoxins category.
Which RASFF notifications does this page count?
All classifications: alert notifications, border rejection notifications and information notifications. A consignment rejected at the border and a product recalled from shelves are both evidence that the hazard reached EU food controls, so both count. The by-year table shows the border-rejection share separately.
What happens when this hazard is found in a consignment?
At the border, the consignment is refused entry and either re-dispatched, destroyed or downgraded to non-food use. On the internal market, the product is withdrawn or recalled and every member state that received it is notified through RASFF. Repeated findings against one origin can move that origin onto Regulation (EU) 2019/1793, which fixes an increased frequency of identity and physical checks at the border.
Where does this data come from?
The public RASFF Window operated by the European Commission, refetched daily. Counts are per notification, so one consignment listing several variants of the same hazard is counted once.