Aflatoxins in EU Food Imports — RASFF Notifications
Aflatoxins appeared in 2,964 RASFF notifications between 2018 and 2026 — 12.2% of the 24,209 notifications that identify a hazard. The origins cited most often are Turkey, United States, Argentina. The most-affected product category is Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Volume in 2025 was up 3% on 2024.
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Key figures
- How Aflatoxins problems were found
- At the EU border 71%, company's own check 20%, official control on the market 8%, monitoring or surveillance sample 1%, other 0%, consumer complaint or illness 0%. Details available for 2,943 of 2,964.
- Reached the EU market
- 21% of the products whose record says either way; 133 were recalled from consumers.
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Aflatoxins notifications by year
| Year | Notifications | of which border rejections | YoY | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 1 | 1 | — | |
| 2019 | 17 | 13 | — | |
| 2020 | 373 | 307 | — | |
| 2021 | 398 | 329 | +6.7% | |
| 2022 | 426 | 332 | +7.0% | |
| 2023 | 335 | 228 | -21.4% | |
| 2024 | 540 | 373 | +61.2% | |
| 2025 | 554 | 293 | +2.6% | |
| 2026 | 320 | 166 | — | YTD |
| Total | 2,964 |
Origins most cited for Aflatoxins
| # | Origin country | Notifications |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Turkey | 665 |
| 2 | United States | 487 |
| 3 | Argentina | 293 |
| 4 | Iran | 198 |
| 5 | Egypt | 193 |
| 6 | India | 193 |
| 7 | Pakistan | 146 |
| 8 | Georgia | 92 |
| 9 | China | 72 |
| 10 | Bolivia | 42 |
| 11 | Spain | 42 |
| 12 | Azerbaijan | 41 |
| 13 | Italy | 41 |
| 14 | Indonesia | 39 |
| 15 | Netherlands | 33 |
| 16 | Brazil | 32 |
| 17 | Nicaragua | 25 |
| 18 | Nigeria | 25 |
| 19 | Paraguay | 25 |
| 20 | Australia | 21 |
| 21 | France | 21 |
| 22 | Belgium | 19 |
| 23 | Serbia | 17 |
| 24 | Germany | 16 |
| 25 | United Arab Emirates | 16 |
| 26 | Sri Lanka | 15 |
| 27 | Uganda | 10 |
| 28 | Romania | 9 |
| 29 | Ghana | 8 |
| 30 | Senegal | 8 |
Product categories where Aflatoxins appears
| # | Product category | Notifications |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds | 1,916 |
| 2 | Fruits and Vegetables | 570 |
| 3 | Cereals and Bakery Products | 201 |
| 4 | Herbs and Spices | 136 |
| 5 | Feed Materials | 75 |
| 6 | Other Food Product / Mixed | 29 |
| 7 | Confectionery | 9 |
| 8 | Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations, Coffee and Tea | 7 |
| 9 | Compound Feeds | 5 |
| 10 | Milk and Milk Products | 5 |
| 11 | Soups, Broths, Sauces and Condiments | 4 |
| 12 | Pet Food | 2 |
| 13 | Prepared Dishes and Snacks | 2 |
| 14 | Dietetic Foods, Food Supplements and Fortified Foods | 1 |
| 15 | Fats and Oils | 1 |
Origins under EU increased official controls for Aflatoxins
Under Regulation (EU) 2019/1793 the EU checks these origin–product combinations at an increased, fixed frequency because of Aflatoxins findings:
| Origin | Products | Checks | Annex |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bolivia | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 50% | II |
| Ghana | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 50% | I |
| India | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 50% | II |
| Iran | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 2007, 2008 | 50% | II |
| Sri Lanka | HS 0904, 2005 | 50% | I |
| Turkey | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 2007, 2008 | 50% | II |
| Egypt | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 30% | II |
| Ethiopia | HS 0904, 0910 | 30% | I |
| Indonesia | HS 0908 | 30% | II |
| Pakistan | HS 0910 | 30% | I |
| Turkey | HS 0804, 0813, 1106, 2007, 2008 | 30% | II |
| Argentina | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 20% | I |
| Azerbaijan | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 1515, 2007, 2008 | 20% | I |
| Georgia | HS 0802, 0813, 1106, 1515, 2007, 2008 | 20% | I |
| United States | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 20% | I |
| China | HS 1202, 1208, 2007, 2008, 2305 | 10% | I |
| Pakistan | HS 1006 | 10% | I |
Recent Aflatoxins notifications
- 2026.8607 Aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins in dried figs from TürkiyeFrom Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8606 Aflatoxin B1 in dried figs from Türkiye From Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. Aflatoxin B1
- 2026.8604 Aflatoxins in dried figsFrom Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8591 Aflatoxins in grountnuts from ArgentinaFrom Argentina, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Company's own check. Result 8,1 (limit 2 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8573 Aflatoxin in groundnuts from the United StatesFrom United States, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Company's own check, reached the market. Result 26 (limit 2.0 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8564 Aflatoxins in Argentine peanutsFrom Argentina, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. At the EU border, not on the market, treated, sorted or diverted. Result 8.4 (limit 2 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8538 Aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins) in peanuts from TurkeyFrom Turkey, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Official control on the market, reached the market. Result 13,3 ± 2,8 (limit 2,0 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxins
- 2026.8490 aflatoxins B1 in shelled pistachios from USA , via TürkiyeFrom United States, Fruits and Vegetables. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched or destroyed. Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8489 Aflatoxin in Organic almond flour from PortugalFrom Portugal, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Company's own check, reached the market. Result 17.9 (limit 8.0 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8381 Aflatoxins in pistachios from Iran // Aflatoxinas en pistachos de IránFrom Iran, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched. Result >24.0 μg/kg SUBMUESTRA 2 = 21.5 μg/kg (limit 10 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8374 aflatoxins in shelled hazelnuts from AzerbaijanFrom Azerbaijan, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. At the EU border, not on the market. Result 59 (limit 5 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8347 Aflatoxins in pistachios from Iran // Aflatoxinas en pistachos de IránFrom Iran, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched. Result SUBMUESTRA A: Suma 15.7 Aflatoxina B1 14.2 μg/kg SUBMUESTRA B: Aflatoxina B1 10.4 μg/… aflatoxins
- 2026.8336 Aflatoxins in pistachio crumble from Italy, with raw material from the United States, dispatched from the United Arab EmiratesFrom United States, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Company's own check, reached the market. Result Aflatoxin B1: 36 / 62 / 16 ppb //// Summe Aflatoxine: 45 / 68 / 18 ppb (limit 8 bzw. 10 µ… Aflatoxin
- 2026.8330 Aflatoxine B1 in groudnuts from Argentina From Argentina, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Company's own check, treated, sorted or diverted. Result 6,2 (limit 2 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1
- 2026.8324 Aflatoxin B1 in Groundnuts from NicaraguaFrom Nicaragua, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Company's own check, reached the market. Result 23 (limit 4.0 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8313 Aflatoxin in shelled pistachios from Iran, via the NetherlandsFrom Hungary, Iran, Nuts, Nut Products and Seeds. Official control on the market, reached the market. Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8304 Ochratoxin A and total aflatoxins in dried figs from Türkiye From Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched. Result 15.3±4.1 (limit 8.0 µg/kg - ppb). aflatoxin totalochratoxin A
- 2026.8300 Aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins in dried figs from Türkiye From Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched. Result 14,1±1,1 (limit 10 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8288 Aflatoxin in dried figs from TürkiyeFrom Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched. Result 16,3+/-4,1 (limit 10,0 µg/kg - ppb). Aflatoxin B1aflatoxin total
- 2026.8286 Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A in drie figs from TürkiyeFrom Turkey, Fruits and Vegetables. At the EU border, not on the market, re-dispatched. Result 29,1+/-8,7 (limit 8.0 µg/kg - ppb). aflatoxin totalochratoxin A
About Aflatoxins
Aflatoxins are carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus moulds growing on crops stored in warm, humid conditions. In EU border controls they turn up most often in tree nuts, groundnuts, dried figs, spices and rice. The EU applies some of the world's strictest maximum levels, which is why aflatoxins are among the most frequent grounds for rejecting food consignments at the EU border.
Which RASFF notifications does this page count?
All classifications: alert notifications, border rejection notifications and information notifications. A consignment rejected at the border and a product recalled from shelves are both evidence that the hazard reached EU food controls, so both count. The by-year table shows the border-rejection share separately.
What happens when this hazard is found in a consignment?
At the border, the consignment is refused entry and either re-dispatched, destroyed or downgraded to non-food use. On the internal market, the product is withdrawn or recalled and every member state that received it is notified through RASFF. Repeated findings against one origin can move that origin onto Regulation (EU) 2019/1793, which fixes an increased frequency of identity and physical checks at the border.
Where does this data come from?
The public RASFF Window operated by the European Commission, refetched daily. Counts are per notification, so one consignment listing several variants of the same hazard is counted once.